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What is a Thread?

A thread is a lightweight unit of execution inside a process. Processes are isolated (separate memory space). Threads run inside the same process and share memory. From a user's perspective, threads may feel like separate programs. Threads share the same memory (heap), but each thread has: - its own call stack - its own execution path Every Java application starts with a single thread, the main thread. The main thread starts execution at main(). When a new thread is started: - a new call stack is created - execution begin at run() Calling start() creates a new thread. Calling run() directly does not create a thread. 
 
package threads.theory;

public class MainThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
        // main thread
        String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
        System.out.println(name); // main

        // other threads
        Thread w1 = new Worker();
        Thread w2 = new Worker();
        w1.start();  // Thread-0
        w2.start();  // Thread-1
    }    
}

class Worker extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}




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